الكلام الغير مباشر في كلام دايفيد كامرون حول هزيمة داعش في العراق والشام
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31185/eduj.Vol2.Iss45.2767Keywords:
Indirectness, Political language, Politeness, Brown and Levinson's theory, Grice Maxims, ISIS, Evasion, Innuendo, Name-calling.Abstract
Abstract
This study investigates indirectness in David Cameron's speech about ISIS by using Brown and Levinson's theory of indirectness as well as Grice's theory of Politeness."Indirectness is a common occurrence. People attempt to express their meanings without articulating them explicitly or move around the subjects under debate in this phenomenon. People have a desire to take advantage of indirectness while talking with people since it allows them to acquire a variety of practical benefits. When it comes to politics, politicians use indirectness extensively in a variety of situations, particularly during interviews with politicians. Because of the crucial function of indirectness in political interviews, they have become a space where a pragmatic inquiry can be conducted. Politicians could reach their objectives in political interviews without even being clear, definite, precise, or sincere."
Downloads
References
References
Abdul-Majeed, I. R. K. (2009). “The Realization of Positive Politeness Strategies in Language: The Politeness Theory of Brown and Levinson”. Journal Of College Of Education For Women. Vol 20, No. 2: 509-527.
Agyekum, K. (2008). “Lexical Expansion and Elaboration in Akan: Afisem and the Media.” In Samuel Gyasi Obeng and Beverly A. S. Hartford (eds). Political Discourse Analysis. New York: Nova Science Publishers, pp. 73-88.
Bakhtiar, M. (2012). “Communicative Functions of Euphemism in Persian. Journal of International Social Research. Vol. 5, No. 20: 7-12.
Brown, P., and Steven C., L. (1987). Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bull, P. (2012). "The Microanalysis of Political Discourse." Philologia Hispalensis. Vol. 26: 79-93.
Chen, P. (2010)."On Pragmatic Strategies for Avoidance of Explicitness in Language". Asian Social Science. Vol. 6, No.10:147- 151.
Chilton, P. (2004). Analysing Political Discourse: Theory and Practice. London: Routledge.
Collins, J., Doyon, D., McAuley, C., & Quijada, A. I. (2011)."Reading, Writing, and Deconstructing: Media Literacy as Part of the School Curriculum." In Guofang Wan, and Dianne M. Gut (eds). Bringing Schools into the 21st Century. London: Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg, PP. 159-185.
Darighgoftar, S. (2012)."Different Homeopathic Characters Violate Cooperative Principles Differently." International Journal of Linguistics. Vol. 4, No 3: 266-280.
Fraser, B. (2010) . "Hedging in Political Discourse: The Bush 2007 Press Conferences. " In Urszula Okulska, and Piotr Cap (eds). Perspectives in Politics and Discourse. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, pp. 202-213.
Goffman, E. (1967). Interactional Ritual: Essays on Face-to-Face Behavior. New York: Double day.
Grice, H., P. (1975). "Logic and conversation." In Peter Cole, and Jerry Morgan (eds). Syntax and Semantics. Vol. 3 Speech Acts. New York: Academic Press, pp. 41-58.
Haugh, M. (2015). Im/politeness Implicatures. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Hirsch, E. (2014). A Poet's Glossary. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt.
Jones, J., & Peccei, J. S. (2004). "Language and Politics." In Ishtla Singh, and Jean Stilwell Peccei (eds). Language, Society and Power: An Introduction, 2nd ed. London: Routledge, pp. 35-54.
Justova, V. (2006). Direct and Indirect Speech Acts in English. Bachelor’s Thesis, Masaryk University.
Kellner, P. (2020). David Cameron: prime minister of United Kingdom. Cited from: https://www.britannica.com/biography/David-Cameron
Locher, M. A., & Watts, R. J. (2005). "Politeness Theory and Relational Work". Journal of Politeness Research. Vol. 1: 9-33.
Mihas, E. (2005). Non-Literal Language in Political Discourse. LSO Working Papers in Linguistics 5: Proceedings of WIGL 2005: 124-139.
Obeng, S. G. (1997)."Language and Politics: Indirectness in Political Discourse". Discourse and Society. Vol. 8, No.1: 49-83.
Obeng, S. G. (1994). Verbal Indirection in Akan Formal Discourse. Journal of Pragmatics . Vol. 21: 37-65.
Obeng, S. G. (2002). The Language of Politics. In Samuel Gyasi Obeng, and Beverly Hartford (eds). Surviving Through Obliqueness: Language of Politics in Emerging Democracies. New York: Nova Science Publishers, pp. 5-18.
Searle, J. R. (1979). Expression and Meaning: Studies in the Theory of Speech Acts. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press .
Supturo, A. (2015). Indirectness. Cited from: http://suputriauomner.blogspot.com//indirectness.
Tannen, D. (1992). That's not What Meant! How Conversational Style Makes or Breaks Your Relations With Others. London: Virago Press.
Tannen, D. (2006). Language and Culture. In Ralph Fasold, and Jeff Connor-Linton (eds). An Introduction to Language and Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
Thomas, J. (1995). Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics. London: Routledge.
Tsuda, S. (1993). Indirectness in Discourse: What Does It Do in Conversation?. Intercultural Communication Studies. Vol. 3
Yule, G. (1996). Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press.
Zhang, Fa. (2009)."Motives of Indirectness in Daily Communication: An Asian Perspective". Asian Culture and History. Vol. 1, No.2: 99-102.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Saadi Mawj

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.