Morphometric change of river twists and turns to the Tigris, Al-Gharaf and Djila rivers in Wasit Governorate

Abstract

The Tigris River is one of the most important rivers in Iraq in general and in Wasit Governorate in particular. In general, the shape and morphology of the river changes from time to time, which causes many twists and turns as a result of its influence on various natural and human factors.  Accordingly, two different periods were taken to observe the changes that occur to the rivers, which are (1981-2019), as we notice during this period that the riverbeds formed many twists and turns, especially since the rivers in this region are going through an aging stage, so the number of twists and turns increased after it was (9)  Turns in the year 1981 and became (11) turns and one twist in 2019 in the Tigris River. As for the Gharraf River in the year (1981), the number of turns reached (6) bend and one twist, while in 2019 the number of turns became (9) bend and one twist.  As for the Dujailah River, the number of turns in (1981) was (3) turns, and in (2019) (4) turns and one twist