Lexical Change in Hewrami Dialect: A Sociolinguistic Analysis

Abrams, M. H. (2005). A glossary of literary terms (8th ed.). Heinle.

Aitchison, J. (1992). General linguistics (4th ed.). Routledge.

Aitchison (1999). Teach yourself linguistics. Hodder& Stoughtoun Educational

Aitchison, J. (2001). Language change: Progress or decay? (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511809866

Aitchison, J. (2010). Aitchison's linguistics: Teach yourself. Hodder Headline.

Aitchison, J. (2013). Language change: Progress or decay? (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139151818

Bauer, L. (1994) Watching English change: An Introduction to the study of linguistic change in Standard Englishes in the twentieth century. Longman

Bernstein, B. (2000). Pedagogy, symbolic control, and identity: Theory, research, critique. Rowman & Littlefield. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5771/9781461636205

Bloch, M. & Trager, G.L. (1942). Outline of linguistic analysis. Linguistic Society of America/ Waverly Press.

Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Harvard University Press.

Bruinessen, (1989). Agha, Scheich und Staat: Politik und Gesellschaft Kurdistans. Berlin: Edition Parabolis. [German translation of 1978 thesis, with revisions]. Edition Parabolis.

Cheshire, J. (1982). Variation in an English dialect: A sociolinguistic study. Cambridge University Press.

Chomsky, N. (1957). Syntactic structure. Mouton. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783112316009

Crystal, D. (1992). An encyclopedic dictionary of language and languages. Blackwell.

Duff, D. (2014). Modern genre theory. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315839257

Eagleton, T. (1996). Literary theory: An introduction. Oxford University Press.

Eckert, P. (1997). Age as a sociolinguistic variable. In F. Coulmas (Ed.), The handbook of sociolinguistics (pp. 151–167). Blackwell. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405166256.ch9

Eckert, P. (2000). Linguistic variation as social practice: The linguistic construction of identity in Belten High. Oxford: Blackwell.

Fishman, J. A. (1991). Reversing language shift: Theory and practice of assistance to threatened languages. Multilingual Matters. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781800418097

Fishman, J. A. (2001). Can threatened languages be saved? Reversing language shift, revisited: A 21st century perspective. Multilingual Matters. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21832/9781853597060

Fromkin, V., Rodman R., & Hyams, N. (2007). An introduction to language. (7th ed.). Michael Rosenberg.

Frye, N. (2000). Anatomy of criticism: Four essays. Princeton University Press.

Guerrero, A. (2019). Lexical change and language contact in Spanish: A sociolinguistic perspective. Journal of Spanish Linguistics, 35(2), 123–145.

Halliday, M.A.K. (1985). Introduction to functional grammar. Edward Arnold.

Hock, H., & Joseph, B. (2009). Language history, language change, and language relationship: An introduction to historical and comparative linguistics. (2nd ed.). Mouton de Gruyter. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110214307

Ismayilli, L., & Aliyev, S. (2025). The evolution of Persian vocabulary: Historical influences and modern adaptations. Research Retrieval and Academic Letters, 8.

Klarer, M. (2004). An introduction to literary studies. Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203414040

Kosoff, Z. (2014). Code-switching in Egyptian Arabic: A sociolinguistic analysis of Twitter. Al-‘Arabiyya, 47(1), 69–85.

Labov, W. (1966). The social stratification of English in New York City. Center for Applied Linguistics.

Labov, W. (1972). Sociolinguistic patterns. University of Pennsylvania Press.

Labov, W. (1994). Principles of linguistic change, volume 1: Internal factors. Blackwell.

Labov, William. (2001). Principles of linguistic change, volume 2: Social factors. Blackwell Publishers.

Labov, W. (2010). Principles of linguistic change: Cognitive and cultural factors. Wiley- Blackwell. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444327496

Li, W. (2017). Lexical change and regional variations in Mandarin Chinese. Chinese Language Studies Journal, 32(2), 144–159.

MacKenzie, D. N. (1966). The dialect of Awroman (Hawraman-i Luhon). Copenhagen.

MacKenzie, D. N. (1966). The dialect of Awroman (Hawrāmān-ī luhōn): grammatical

sketch, texts, and vocabulary. Det Kongelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskab.

McMahon, A. M. S. (1994). Understanding language change. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139166591

Milroy, L. (1987). Language and social networks. Basil Blackwell.

Romaine, S. (2006). Language in society: An introduction to sociolinguistics. Oxford University Press.

Safiei, N., Badakhshan, E., Dehghan, M., & Korani, A. (2023). The study of social factors' role in phonological and lexical variations in Hawrami (Paveh dialect) based on variationist sociolinguistics. Research in Western Iranian Languages and Dialects, 10(4), 21–38.

Salih, R. (2014). A comparative study of english and kurdish connectives in newspaper opinion articles. University of Leicester.

Sapir, E. (1921). Language. Harcourt Brace.

Spolsky, B. (2004). Language policy. Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511615245

Todorov, T. (2000). The fantastic: A structural approach to a literary genre. Cornell University Press.

Trudgill, P. (1986). Dialects in contact. Basil Blackwell.

UNESCO World Heritage Centre. (2021). Cultural Landscape of Hawraman/Uramanat. UNESCO. https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1647/

Wardhaugh, R. (2010). An introduction to sociolinguistics. Wiley-Blackwell.

Wardhaugh, R., & Fuller, J. (2015) An introduction to sociolinguistics. Blackwell.

Wellek, R., & Warren, A. (1949). Theory of literature. Harcourt, Brace & World.

Zhang, J. (2018). The impact of globalization on lexical change in modern Chinese. Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 46(3), 210–230.