Religious Reasons and Motives for the Exclusion of Scholars and its Impact on the Arab Islamic State in the Umayyad Era (41-132 AH / 661-749 AD)

Abstract

Objectives: The study aimed to shed light on the true causes and motives that led to the exclusion of scholars in the Umayyad era (41-132 AH/661-749 AD), as scholars in the Arab Islamic state, especially in the Umayyad era, enjoyed a distinguished status granted by the Umayyad caliphs, who paid attention to science and scholars; hence, scientific movement reached its peak during that time. However, many scientists were subjected to exclusion and deportation, and the reasons and motives that led to their exclusion varied. Of the, are religious reasons and motives, which were one of the main and most important motives.

Methodology: The study adopted the analytical historical approach, which aims to monitor and analyze events in order to determine the religious reasons and motives that led to the exclusion of scholars by the Umayyad authority.

Results: The study showed the religiously motivated exclusions that affected Muslim scholars in the Umayyad era. It also showed positive and negative consequences resulting from these exclusions on the Arab Islamic state. There were many negative consequences for the country they were excluded from. While the exclusion of scholars and their deportation from their cities had positive effects on the areas to which they were excluded, as their people benefited from their knowledge and virtue.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the Umayyad caliphs excluded many scholars for religious reasons and motives, and the means and methods of this exclusion were numerous.