Ceramic tiles and mosaics in Iran during the Safavid era

Abstract

Ceramic tiles and mosaics during the Safavid era (1501-1736 CE) are among the most prominent manifestations of artistic creativity and technical innovation in Islamic architecture. They witnessed significant development in the use of decorative arts, as Safavid craftsmen combined traditional techniques with modern innovations, giving a unique character to religious and civil buildings. Safavid tiles and mosaics were distinguished by their precision and complexity, the use of vibrant colors and geometric and floral patterns, along with the integration of pictorial and calligraphic elements that reflected the cultural and religious identity of the era. This research sheds light on the techniques used in the manufacture of ceramic tiles and mosaics, from raw ma.