موسى بن ميمون (ت 604هــ/1204م) نسر اليهود الاعظم الرابي والفيلسوف العربي اليهودي

Abstract

      Abu Omran Musa ibn Mimoun (529 AH/1135 Ce), was in born in Cordoba, where he studied medicine, philosophy, astronomy, mathematics, and Jewish law, and took away from Arab Muslim scholars their science and curriculum in those sciences and was an example of of the civilization of Andalusia, which included various ethnic and religious elements represented Arab-Islamic civilization and contributed to its products.

      Ibn Maimoun suffered many tribulations in his life, the first and difficult is the religious persecution represented by an anomalous policy about the tolerance of Islam that is the policy of Abdelmoumen Almohaidi towards the people of Al-Thimma in Andalusia to choose between Islam or departure. Musa bin Maimon and his family left Andalusia to preserve his religion and blood to settle after a difficult journey in Al-Fustat in the late Fatimid era, and suffered the plight of losing  the father and then the brother and the daughter , the tribulations that pushed him to produce a collection of writings had the greatest influence in the Jews and in the philosophy in general, the most prominent of these writings are the book "Dillalat AL-Haereen " and  "AL-Siraj " and Others.

       Ben Maimon remained in Egypt after it was ruled by the Ayyubids and became known as a doctor first and then as a scientist in the Jewish law and philosopher, and was one of the first Jewish scholars who used the mind and philosophy to criticize Jewish religious heritage and purify it from myths and rewriting it with a logical philosophical way . So he founded the school of thought still exists to this day and has been imitated by many followers and who followed his approach, and it is certain that his new idea and approach has also provoked enemies from conservatives and reactionary people like every reformis..

     In addition to his work as a doctor, he took over as president of the Jews in Egypt and took the fatwa and all the Orient Jews and continued until his death (604 ah/1204 Ce) and was buried in a temple in Cairo and then transferred his remains to Tiberias according to his will.