Chinua Achebe's No Longer at Ease: The Conflict of Values in Post-colonial History of Nigeria

- David Carroll, Chinua Achebe (New York : Twayne Publications, Inc 1970),p. 22.

- Shato Arthur Gakwandi, The Novel and Contemporary Experience in Africa (London: Heinemann, 1977), P. 2

- Carroll, Op. Cit, p. 18.

- Ibid ,p.21.

-See Robert M. Wren, Achebe's World: The Historical and the Cultural Context of the Novels of Chinua Achebe,(Longman, 1981),p.39.

-For further discussion of this point see Wren,p.39.

-Quoted by Wren,p.40. About the manipulation of education in the novel, see Seyed Mohammed Mrarandi and Reyhane Sadat Shadpour, 'Education as an Ideological Instrument: A Postcolonial Reading of Chinua Achebe's No Longer at Ease', Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 12(7),Pp.938-944, 2012.

-Ibid, p. 41.

-About the definition of 'African Literature' see Chinua Achebe, Morning, Yet on Creation Day, New York: Anchor Press,1975,p.91.

-Quoted and translated by Gakwandi, p.1.

-Colin Legum, Pan-Africanism,London: Pall Mall Press, 1965.

-Edward Blyden, Christianity, Islam and The Negro Race, Edinburgh; University Press, 1967,p. 189.

- Claude Wauthier, The Literature and Thought Of Modern Africa, London: Pall Mall Press,1966,p.96.

-Victor Le Vine, Political Leadership in Africa, Stanford: University Press, 1967,p.54.

-For these historical details I am indebted to Carroll, Pp.25-30.

-Chinua Achebe, No Longer at Ease, London:Heinemann1962,p.2. All subsequent references will be to this edition and only page numbers will be parenthetically cited in the text.

-Gareth Griffiths, 'Language and Action in the novels of Chinua Achebe' in African Literature Today, (ed.) Eldred Durosimi Jones, London: Heinemann, 1982,p.92.

- Gakwandi, p.29. About the idea of the expectations and the disappointments that permeate the novel, see Amechi Akwanya, 'Chinua Achebe's No Longer at Ease: The question of Failed Expectations', African Journal of New Writings, Feb. 2006.

-Kofi Owusu,'The Politics of Interpretation: The Novels Of Chinua Achebe' in Modern Fiction Studies Vol.37,No.3 Autumn,1991,p.436.

-Abiola Irele, 'The Tragic Conflict in Achebe's Novels' in ULL Beier (ed.) Introduction to African Literature, London: Longman, 1967,p.173.

- Wren, p.38.

- Gakwandi, p.33.

-Onyemaechi Udumukwu, 'Achebe and the Negation of Independence' in Modern Fiction Studies Vol.37, No.3 Autumn 1991,p.472.See also Adina Campu,' Tradition Versus Modernity in Chinua Achebe's No Longer at Ease ',Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov,IV, Vol.6, No.2, 2013