“Methods of Grammatical Argumentation in Rukn al-Din al-Astrabadi’s (d. 715 AH) Use of Objection as Evidence in His Book Al-Basit”

Abstract

  The objection method is one of the argumentative methods used in grammatical discourses, and it was used by Rukn al-Din al-Istrabadi (d. 715 AH) in his grammatical discourse in his book Al-Basit, to convince the recipient of the correctness of his choice in his reasoning in his grammatical discourse. The purpose of argumentative methods is to refine the grammatical inferences made by the arguer, relying on the documents of grammatical rules. The objector cites evidence of disagreement with a ruling or term, or with a textual or rational proof, or with a ruling in a grammatical issue or a reason or objection to a part of the grammatical phenomenon. Through the method of objection, the pillar of religion rises to the rank of the objector, who in turn demands evidence for the statement being objected to, with the intention of making it clear, The objection in grammatical discourse is a new argumentative starting point within the discourse, which is represented by those facts and truths that are included within the grammatical rules represented in the book (Al-Basit) with the sayings of Ibn Al-Hajib and Al-Qayyim, and the positions, These are fixed foundations in every discourse. The objection style in Al-Basit appears in various forms and for several purposes. These are among the most prominent types of arguments addressed in the Arabic grammar corpus. These include: objection by denial, assumption, affirmation, and objection by interrogation. The purposes of objection are either evidence-based, in which case the objection is intended to refute and reject this opinion, or to oppose it. The objection may also be based on denial due to the lack of evidence.