A Pragmatic Realization of Humor in Selected Physician-Patient Speech
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31185/eduj.Vol58.Iss2.4184کلمات کلیدی:
Pragmatics and Gricean maxims, Pragmatics and Humor, Humor and Clinical Setting.چکیده
Linguistically, features such as puns, irony, sarcasm, wit, and contrastive utterances often contribute to the complex concept of humor that people associate with communication. Humor involves not only linguistic elements but also extralinguistic factors that shape how it is delivered and perceived. Paul Grice (1975) proposed four cooperative principles—maxims of quantity, quality, relevance, and manner—that govern successful communication. However, Attardo (1990) argues that violating these maxims is a common phenomenon in humorous discourse. This study aims to analyse physician-patient conversational extracts through a linguistic pragmatic lens, using the classification system from Wit and Humor in Discourse Processing. It explores the mechanisms by which violations of Gricean maxims contribute to the creation of humor. The research adopts a qualitative approach, focusing on two levels of analysis: the pragmatic realization of humor and the violation of Gricean maxims. Findings indicate that the most frequently violated maxims in the selected extracts are the maxims of quality and manner. Furthermore, irony emerges as the most prevalent pragmatic mechanism used to generate humor through these violations. This study provides insights into the interplay between linguistic pragmatics and humor in medical communication contexts.
دانلودها
مراجع
Attardo, S. (1990). The Violation of Grice ’ s Maxims in Jokes Author ( s ): Salvatore Attardo DOI: https://doi.org/10.3765/bls.v16i0.1726
Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics, 355–362.
Attardo, Salvatore 1993. Violation of conversational maxims and cooperation: The case of jokes. Journal DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-2166(93)90111-2
of Pragmatics, 19 (6), pp. 537–558.
Attardo, Salvatore 1994. Linguistic Theories of Humor. Berlin–New York: Mouton de Gruyter
Attardo, S. (2010). Humorous texts: A semantic and pragmatic analysis (Vol. 6). Mouton de Gruyter.
Beck CT. Humor in nursing: A phenomenological study. Int J Nurs Stud 1997;34:346–352. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0020-7489(97)00026-6
Buijzen, M.; Valkenburg, P. M. (2004). "Developing a Typology of Humor in Audiovisual
Media". Media Psychology. 6 (2). Oxfordshire, England: Taylor & Francis: 147–
doi:10.1207/s1532785xmep0602_2. S2CID 96438940. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532785xmep0602_2
Cassell, L. (1974). The function of humor in the counseling process. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin,
(4), 240-245.
Chapman, S & Clark, B. (2014). Pragmatic Literary Stylistics. Liverpool, LP: Palgrave. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137023278
Clewis, R. (2020). Kant's Humorous Writings: An Illustrated Guide. London, England: Bloomsbury. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350112810
Goldstein, L. (1990). The linguistic interest of verbal humour. Humour, 3, 37–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.1990.3.1.37
Grice, H, P. (1975). Logic and Conversation. London, LND: Elsevier. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004368811_003
Linn, J. Van-Weert, M. Schouten BC, Smit EG, (2012). Words that make pills easier to swallow:
a communication typology to address practical and perceptual barriers to medication intake
behavior. Patient Prefer Adherence.6:871-85. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S36195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S36195
Long, D. & Graesser, A.. (1988). Wit and humor in discourse processing. Discourse Processes – DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01638538809544690
DISCOURSE PROCESS. 11. 35-60. 10.1080/01638538809544690.
Martin, R. A. (2007). The Psychology of Humour. An Integrative Approach. Burlington, MA: Elsier Academic Press.
Rakel RE. Humor and humanism. Houston Med 1989;5:7–9
Raskin, V. (1985). Semantic mechanisms of humour. Reidel. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6472-3
Renkema, J. (2004). Introduction to Discourse Studies. Philadelphia: John Benjamin. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1075/z.124
Robinson VM. Humor and the Health Professions. Thorofare, NJ, Slack, Inc., 1991, ed 2. Robinson
VM. Humor and the Health Professions. Thorofare, NJ, Slack, Inc., 1991, ed 2.
Ross, A. (2005). The Language of Humour. London, LND: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203984567
Schaeffer, N. (1981). The Art of Laughter. New York: Columbia University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7312/scha90418
Simon JM. Humor techniques for oncology nurses. Oncol Nurs Forum 1989;16:667–670.
Slatore, G., Cecere, M., Reinke F. et al. (2010). Patient-clinician communication: associations with DOI: https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.09-2328
important health outcomes among veterans with COPD.
Tafoya, E. (2009). The Legacy of the Wisecrack: Stand-up Comedy as the Great American Literary
Form. Boca Raton, Florida: Brown Walker Press. p. 73.
Thomas, A. (1995). Meaning in Interaction: An Introduction to Pragmatics. London, LND: Routledge.
Wender RC. Humor in medicine. Prim Care 1996;23:141–154. London: Routledge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-4543(05)70267-0
Wilson, D. and Sperber, D. 1990. 'Outline of Relevance Theory', MS, University College London.
دانلودها
چاپ شده
شماره
نوع مقاله
مجوز
حق نشر 2025 م.م. جنان كاظم اسماعيل
این پروژه تحت مجوز بین المللی Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 می باشد.
